Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam

Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam, the 10th day of is Islamic month Muharram is called Ashura. This day of Muharram is a very respectable, gracious and blessed day.

 

Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam

Many unauthentic stories about the virtues of 10 muharram ul haram are known among the public, but the following virtues are revealed by a collection of authentic hadiths.

1. Holy day.
2. On that day Musa (peace be upon him) was saved from Pharaoh.
3. Musa (peace be upon him) used to fast on this day as a thanksgiving.
4. The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) used to fast on this day, and encouraged others to fast as well.
5. On that day, the Kaaba was covered Kiswa (cloth that covers the Kaaba in Makka).
   
6. On this day, the people of Khyber used to fast and celebrate this day as Eid.
   
7. The Quraish of Makkah also used to fast on this day in the era of Jahiliyyah.

 Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam fasting

1. Atonement for the sins of the year:  Hazrat Abu Qatadah (RA) says that the Prophet (PBUH) said: "I hope from Allah that fasting on the day of Ashura will erase the sins of the previous year."

2. The best fast after Ramadan: It is narrated in Muslim Sharif that Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (RA) was asked about the fast of Ashura and he said: I do not know that the Messenger of Allah (may God bless him and grant him peace) fasted any day except Ashura, nor any month except Ramadan. Prophet Muhammad considers Ashura as the important day and ramadan as important month.

 

Importance of Fasting Ashura in Different Periods

The collection of blessed hadiths proves that the importance of 10th Muharram in Islam fasting on Ashura has been different in different periods. 

First status: The Prophet himself fasted on 10 muharram ul haram in Makkah, but he did not encourage people to do so, as narrated by Hazrat Aisha in Bukhari Sharif Hadith No. (2002).

Second status: When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came to Madinah, Prophet Muhammad saw that the People of the Book honored Ashura and fasted on that day, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) himself fasted and the also ordered to Companions to do so, and insisted so much that people started fasting their children too.

It is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Abbas (RA) that the Prophet (PBUH) came to Madinah. (Second year). He saw the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked them the reason, and they said that it is a holy day. On that day, Allah saved the Bani Israel from their enemy (Pharaoh), so Musa (peace be upon him) fasted on that day. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Then we are more deserving of joining the happiness of Musa than you. Therefore, he (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) fasted on that day and ordered his companions to fast as well.

 

Third status: When the fasting of Ramadan became obligatory, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) gave the choice to the Companions to fast or not to fast on that day.

In Sahih al-Bukhari, it is narrated from Hazrat Ibn Umar that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) kept the fast on the day of Ashura and ordered it, but when fasting in the month of Ramadan became obligatory, he left the fast of Ashura as an obligation. 

 Fourth status: In the last days of prophet's life, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, in order to avoid being like the Jews, if I live next year, I will not only fast of Ashura, but I will combine a second fast with it.

Ashura Day Fasting Order: The Islamic experts have written that whoever fasts on the 10th muharram ul haram, it is recommended that he fast another day, whether it is the 9th or the 11th of Muharram. 

 

Is it a sin to fast only one 10th day of Muharram? Some people think that it is a sin to fast only on the 10th of Muharram, so one fast should be combined before or after the day of Ashura, but this is not correct, because it is not necessary to combine another fast with the 10th of Muharram. Rather, it is only the best, Because the virtue described by the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, is obtained only by fasting on the 10th of Muharram, however, adding another fast to avoid the imitation of the Jews is an additional virtue and a mustahab act.

Therefore, whoever has the courage to keep a fast before or after Ashura, then he should keep a fast before or after it and gain superiority, but whoever does not have the courage, or has any other reason, then he/she should fast on 10th day in order not to lose its virtue.

Hazrat Muhaddith al-Asr Allama Muhammad Yusuf Banuri (may God have mercy on him) has written that there are three forms of fasting on Ashura. Among them, the first form is the best, the second form is inferior to it, and the third form is the lowest.

• Fasting on 9th, 10th and 11th three days.
• Fasting on 9th and 10th or 10th and 11th of the month.
• Fasting only the 10th day.
  

It is preferable and better to combine ten Muharram i.e. Ashura with another fast of 9th Muharram or 11th Muharram, however, if someone fasts only 10th Muharram due to some reason, he/she will not lose its virtue.

 

Virtue of being generous to one's family on the day of Ashura: Hazrat Abu Huraira narrated that the Messenger of Allah (may God bless him and grant him peace)  said: “Whoever gives food and drink to his family on the day of Ashura, Allah will extend his sustenance for the whole year.” .

 

Unauthentic information related  Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam

1. On the same day, Allah raised Hazrat Idris (peace be upon him) to heaven.
2. On the same day, Allah saved Hazrat Ibrahim (peace be upon him) from the fire.
3. On the same day, Noah's ark was saved.
4. On the same day, Allah revealed the Torah to Hazrat Musa (peace be upon him).
5. On the same day, Allah accepted the sacrifice of Hazrat Ismail (peace be upon him).
6. On the same day, Allah Ta'ala rescued Hazrat Yusuf (peace be upon him) from prison.
7. On the same day, Allah restored the eyesight of Hazrat Yaqub (peace be upon him).
8. On the same day, Allah removed the illness of Hazrat Ayyub (peace be upon him).
9. On the same day, Allah saved Hazrat Yunus (peace be upon him) from the belly of a fish.
10. On the same day, Allah Almighty divided the sea into two parts for the bani Israel and made them cross.
11. On the same day, Allah Almighty announced the forgiveness of all the previous sins of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.
12. On the same day, Allah accepted the repentance of the people of Hazrat Yunus (peace be upon him).
13. Whoever fasts on this day will have expiation for forty years of sins.

 

So Allah made Ashura the first day of creation, and the first rain fell from the sky on that day, and the first mercy was revealed on that day. Therefore, whoever fasts on Ashura, it is as if the person fasted for a whole year, and this is the fast of the Prophets, and whoever worshiped on that night, it is as if worshiped as much as the creatures of the seven heavens, and whoever perfomed four rakats of Nafl. After the Fatiha in nafl, recite "Qal ho Allah Ahud" fifty times, then Allah will forgive the sins of the past fifty years and the next fifty years, and Allah will build for him a thousand thousand pulpits of light. And whoever gives water to someone on that day, it is as if he/she has not disobeyed the Lord for the blink of an eye. And whoever feeds a poor family on the day of Ashura, they will pass like a flash of ligh on the bridge of sirat, and whoever gives charity on the day of Ashura, it is as if they never returned the beggar, and whoever performs a bath on the day of Ashura the person will not be afflicted with any disease except the disease of death, and whoever puts kohl in eyes on the day of Ashura, his/her eyes will not be bad for the whole year, and whoever touches the head of an orphan on that day, it is as if he/she had touched all the orphan children of Adam. 

 

And who fasted on Ashura, He will be rewarded with one thousand Hajj, one thousand Umrahs, and one thousand martyrs, and whoever fasts on Ashura, the reward of the seven heavens will be written for him, and on the day of Ashura, the seven heavens, the seven earths, the mountains And the seas were created, and on that day the throne was made, and on the day of Ashura the pen was created, and on the day of Ashura Gabriel was born, and on the day of Ashura Jesus was raised to the heavens, and on the day of Ashura The day Hazrat Sulaiman (peace be upon him) was given the kingdom and the Day of Judgment will be the day of Ashura, and whoever visited a sick person on that day, it is as if the person visited all the sick people of the children of Adam.

The Justification of above unauthentic information about Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam: Ashura is the first day that Allah created first in the creation of days, How foolish it is that the name of the day itself is Ashura (tenth day). How can it be the first day in creation days, when the existence of the first nine days is necessary for it to be the tenth day?

The reality of the events of the Prophets attributed to the Importance of 10th Muharram in Islam: Among these events, the only one that reaches the foundation of evidence is the incident of the deliverance of Hazrat Musa (peace be upon him) from Pharaoh, which is narrated by Hazrat Ibn Abbas (may God be pleased with him) in the books of hadiths with a valid chain of transmission.

Apart from this, some incidents have been reported from Asanid Zaifa (weak sources), which can be accepted to some extent, Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi writes, They are:

1. Allah accepted the repentance of Hazrat Adam (peace be upon him) on the 10th of Muharram.
2. Hazrat Noah (peace be upon him) was saved from the storm and his ark stopped on Mount Jodi.
3. Pharaoh's sorcerers' repentance was accepted.
4. Hazrat Isa was born.

 

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Also Read: why don't sunnis mourn in muharram